考研英语核心词汇速成胜经
Unit 20
一、
真题文章（2001年）
In less than 30 years’ time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain's nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall.
There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.
According to BT's
futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new
millennium(a period of 1
，
000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.
，
000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.
Pearson has pieced together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial
organs coming into use between now and 2040.
Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. "By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck," he says. But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration :"It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century."
Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will , for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the robots. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.
二、
译文
在未来不到三十年的时间里，特列克星号的全息舱面即将成为现实。大脑神经系统和计算机之间建立起直接的联系，这将创造出全方位感受虚拟环境，使同电影《全部回忆》表现的虚拟假期成为可能。
届时将会出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目，以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标，监控器就会使其停驶。儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有内置个性的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具。人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。
依
BT
的未来学家皮尔逊所预见，这些都属于新千年前几十年发展计划之列，那时，超级计算机将急剧加速生活各个领域的发展。
皮尔逊汇集各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的新技术千年历，它列出了人们有望看到的数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。一些最重大的发展将出现在医学领域，包括延长人的预期寿命和数十种人造器官。这些人造器官从现在到
2040
年之间将陆续投入使用。
皮尔逊还预测了一个人机连接中的一个重大突破。他说，“通过与我们的神经系统直接相连计算机能够了解我们的感受，而且也有可能模仿我们的感受，这样我们就可以创造出全方位的传感环境，就像《全面再现》和《星际旅行》中的假期一样。”但是皮尔逊指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化的开始：它是人机一体化漫长之路的第一步，最终会使人们在下个世纪末之前研制出完全电子化的仿真人。
通过研究
，皮尔逊能够预言大多数突破的时日。然而，何时能够进行超光速旅行，何时人类克隆技术能够完善，何时时间旅行可以成为可能，他仍未作出预告。但他的确预料到技术进步引起的社会问题。比如，住宅区附近监视器的增加在
2010
年会引起问题；逼真的机器人将意味着可能无法区分人类朋友和仿真机器人。家用电器会变得如此智能化，以致控制和操作它们会引发一种新的心理疾病——厨房狂燥症。
三、
考研核心词汇
link
/ liNk /
n. 1
链环
,
连结物
2
链接
vt.
1
连结
2
联合
3
挽
vi.
连接起来
[
例
] A lot of links fitted together form a chain.
许多链环连在一起组成链条。
[
同义
] bridge ,combine, connect, couple ,join ,put together, unite
[
派生
] linked
/ liNkt /
adj.
连接的
,
显示连环遗传的
sensory
/ 5sensEri /
adj.
感觉的
,
感官的
[
例
] sensory nervous system
感觉神经系
(
统
)
vacation
/ vE5keiFEn;vei5keiFEn /
n. 1
假期
,
休假
2(
房屋等的
)
腾出
v.
<
美
>
度假
,
休假
[
例
] She has gone to Canada on vacation.
她到加拿大去度假。
[
同义
] holiday , rest, leave, liberty ,recess ,sabbatical
[
派生
] vacationist
/ vE`keIFLnIst,veI- /
n.
度假者
,
休假者
[
固定搭配
]
on vacation
在度假；
vacation at [in]
在
...
度假
offend
/ E5fend /
v. 1
犯罪
,
冒犯
,
违反
2
得罪
,
使
...
不愉快
[
例
] Her words offended me.
她的话伤了我的感情。
[
同义
] disgust, displease, horrify, hurt, insult ,pain
[
反义
] defend
/ di5fend /
vt.
防护
,
辩护
,
防卫
, [
律
]
作
...
的辩护律师
[
派生
] offender
/ E5fendE /
n.
罪犯
,
冒犯者
chip
/ tFip /
n.
1
碎片
2
筹码
v. 1
削成碎片
,
碎裂
2
芯片
[
例
] The bowl has a chipped edge.
碗边上有个缺口。
[
同义
] bit ,break, crack ,crumb, piece
schedule
/ 5Fedju:l; 5skedVjul /
n.
时间表
,
进度表
v.
确定时间
[
例
] The task will be finished ahead of schedule if nothing prevents.
"
如果没有什么阻碍的话
,
这项任务将提前完成。
"
[
同义
] enumerate, index, line up, list, post , program , slate
[
派生
] scheduled
/ 5Fedju:ld /
adj.
预定的
piece
/ pi:s /
n . 1
块
,
件
,
片
,
篇
,
张
,
条
2
硬币
vt.
接合
,
修补
,
凑合
[
例
] piece together the facts
拼凑事实
[
同义
] bit ,division, part, portion ,section, segment, share
[
派生
] pieceable
/ pi:s
Ebl /
adj.
可接合的
,
可修补的
unique
/ ju:5ni:k /
adj.
唯一的
,
独特的
[
例
] That building is unique because all the others like it were destroyed.
那座建筑很独特，因为所有像它那样的其他建筑都毁坏了。
[
同义
] sole , rare , matchless
[
反义
] common
/ 5kCmEn /
adj. 1
共同的
,
公共的
,
公有的
,
普通的
2
庸俗的
,
伪劣的
n.
[
复
][
总
]
平民
,
公有
,
普通
,
共通
[
派生
] uniquely
/ ju:5ni:kli /
adv.
独特地
,
唯一地
,
珍奇地
simulate
/ 5simjuleit /
vt.
模拟
,
模仿
,
假装
,
冒充
[
例
] simulate death
装死
[
同义
] pretend ,reproduce
[
派生
] simulation
/ 7simju5leiFEn /
n.
仿真
,
假装
,
模拟
cloning
/ 5klCniN /
n.
无性（繁殖）系化，
纯系化
[
例
] molecular cloning
分子扩增，
分子克隆法
[
派生
] clone
/ klEun /
n.
无性系
,
无性繁殖
,
克隆
v.
无性繁殖
,
复制
surveillance
/ sE:5veilEns /
n.
监视
,
看守
,
监督
,
管制
[
例
] under surveillance
在管制
[
监视
]
下
[
派生
] surveillant
/ sE:5veilEnt /
n.
监视者
,
监督者
adj.
监视的
,
监督的
surveille
/ sE:5veil /
vt.
使受监视
(
或监督
),
对…实施监视
(
或监督
)
synthetic
/ sin5Wetic /
adj.
1
合成的
2
人造的
[
例
] This synthetic dress material does not crush.
这种合成纤维衣料不会皱。
[
同义
] artificial ,counterfeit, imitation, man-made, mock, analytic
[
反义
] analytical
/ 7AnE5litikEl /
adj.
分析的
,
解析的
[
派生
] synthetical
/ sin5WetikEl /
adj.
综合的
,
合成的
synthetize
/ 5siNWitaiz /
v.
综合
,
合成
appliance
/ E5plaiEns /
n.
用具
,
器具
[
例
] kitchen appliance
厨房用具
[
同义
] tool , device, implement ,instrument
四、
强化练习
1.
Shanghai now is the place where people flock to for business, ________ and to gain an “experience”. Each day I am bombarded with friends from all over the world, asking for advice on how to get to shanghai and stay here.
A. flame
B. float
C. honor
D. vacation
2. "This is the last day that I speak to you," Vieri said. "You can say what you want about me as a player but when you ______ me as a person, well ... I am more of a man than all of you put together."
Italy play
Bulgaria in Group C on Tuesday.
A. horizon
B. hoist
C.
offend
D. offer
3.
Enclosed is our preliminary_______ for the conference which will be reviewed in weeks.
A.
schedule
B. legal
C. fabric
D. deviation
4. What unites business journalists is the need to_______ together compelling stories from the chaos of commercial life.
A. date
B. piece
C. deem
D. cease
5. As for the marketing mix, we’ll package it in gold foil with dark brown lettering to _______ chocolate, and price it 20% higher than our chocolate-covered ice-cream bar.
A. cast
B. catch
C. simulate
D. sip
答案：
DCABC
考研英语核心词汇速成胜经
Unit 20
一、
真题文章（2001年）
In less than 30 years’ time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain's nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall.
There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.
According to BT's
futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new
millennium(a period of 1
，
000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.
，
000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.
Pearson has pieced together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial
organs coming into use between now and 2040.
Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. "By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck," he says. But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration :"It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century."
Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will , for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the robots. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.
二、
译文
在未来不到三十年的时间里，特列克星号的全息舱面即将成为现实。大脑神经系统和计算机之间建立起直接的联系，这将创造出全方位感受虚拟环境，使同电影《全部回忆》表现的虚拟假期成为可能。
届时将会出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目，以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标，监控器就会使其停驶。儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有内置个性的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具。人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。
依
BT
的未来学家皮尔逊所预见，这些都属于新千年前几十年发展计划之列，那时，超级计算机将急剧加速生活各个领域的发展。
皮尔逊汇集各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的新技术千年历，它列出了人们有望看到的数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。一些最重大的发展将出现在医学领域，包括延长人的预期寿命和数十种人造器官。这些人造器官从现在到
2040
年之间将陆续投入使用。
皮尔逊还预测了一个人机连接中的一个重大突破。他说，“通过与我们的神经系统直接相连计算机能够了解我们的感受，而且也有可能模仿我们的感受，这样我们就可以创造出全方位的传感环境，就像《全面再现》和《星际旅行》中的假期一样。”但是皮尔逊指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化的开始：它是人机一体化漫长之路的第一步，最终会使人们在下个世纪末之前研制出完全电子化的仿真人。
通过研究
，皮尔逊能够预言大多数突破的时日。然而，何时能够进行超光速旅行，何时人类克隆技术能够完善，何时时间旅行可以成为可能，他仍未作出预告。但他的确预料到技术进步引起的社会问题。比如，住宅区附近监视器的增加在
2010
年会引起问题；逼真的机器人将意味着可能无法区分人类朋友和仿真机器人。家用电器会变得如此智能化，以致控制和操作它们会引发一种新的心理疾病——厨房狂燥症。