考研英语核心词汇速成胜经 Unit 1

 

一、真题文章(1994年)

 

The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is of the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of likely breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often careless use of words prevents a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener which interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission---reception system breaks down.
    Moreover ， inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be unable to explain or describe in a way that can be understood by his listeners.

二、译文

 

    与语言相关的，可以讨论的首要的和最小的单位是词。说话时，选词是最重要的。适当的选词可以消除交际过程中可能出现的障碍。用词粗心大意往往阻碍说话人和听话人的思想交流。说话人使用的词汇可能引起听话人的反感，从而干扰其理解。因此，这传输信息——接受信息系统就会中断。

而且，词义不准确或不明确的词使听话人难于听懂传递给他的信息。说话人的常用词汇中如没有详细而精确的词的话，就不可能用听话人能理解的方式进行解释或描述。

 

三、考研核心词汇

 

choice / tFCis / n .   选择 , 抉择 , 精选品 , 选择机会 , 选择权 adj.   精选的 , 上等的 , 挑三拣四的 , 可选的 , 宠爱的 , 爱惜的

[ 例 ] She had to make a choice between the two dresses.

她得在两件衣服中选择一件。

[ 同义 ] alternative ， cream ， decision ， option ， pick ， preference ， selection

[ 派生 ] choose / tFu:z /  v.   选择 , 选定

[ 固定搭配 ] at one's own choice   随意挑选 , 自由选择； be choice of 好挑剔的；

 

utmost   / 5QtmEust / n. 极限 , 最大可能 , 极力   adj.   极度的 , 最远的

[ 例 ] the utmost ends of the earth     天涯海角

[ 同义 ] extreme, farthest ,greatest, most

[ 固定搭配 ] at the utmost 至多； do one's utmost 尽全力； make the utmost of ...

充分利用； to the utmost 竭力 ; 尽力；

 

reaction  / ri(:)5AkFEn /  n.  

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