第二十六天：新题型模拟练习一

 

 

 

今天的结束语是：Honor goes to those who make innovations（荣誉属于创新者）。

 

 

 

Directions:

 

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

 

 

 

Researchers have found that genes play a large role in shaping a child’s emotional makeup, but a child’s personality traits are also profoundly affected by his or her environment. Genetic and environmental factors combine in complex ways to shape a child’s psychological development.

 

The wizards of genetics keep closing in on the biological roots of personality. It’s not your imagination that one baby seems born cheerful and another morose. But that’s not the complete picture. (41) ___________________________.

 

In the last few years scientists have identified genes that appear to predict all sorts of emotional behavior, from happiness to aggressiveness to risk-taking. (42) __________________. But the answer may not be so simple after all. Scientists are beginning to discover that genetics and environment work together to determine personality as intricately as Astaire and Rogers danced. Nature affects nurture affects nature and back and forth. Each step influences the next.

 

(43) ___________________________. An aggressive toddler, under the tight circumstances, can essentially be rewired to channel his energy more constructively. A child can overcome her shyness—forever. No child need be held captive to her genetic blueprint. The implications for child rearing—and social policy—are profound.

 

While Gregor Mendel’s pea plants did wonders to explain how humans inherit blue eyes or a bald spot, they turn out to be an inferior model for analyzing something as complex as the brain. (44) ___________________________. Genes control the brain’s neurotransmitters and receptors, which deliver and accept mental messages like so many cars headed for their assigned parking spaces. But there are billions of roads to each parking lot, and those paths are highly susceptible to environmental factors.

 

(45) ___________________________.

 

Children conceived during a three-month famine in the Netherlands during a Nazi blockade in 1945 were later found to have twice the rate of schizophrenia as did Dutch children born to parents who were spared the trauma of famine. “Twenty years ago, you couldn’t get your research funded if you were looking for a genetic basis for schizophrenia, because everyone knew it was what your mother did to you in the first few years of life, as Freud said,” says Robert Plomin, a geneticist at London’s Institute of Psychiatry. “Now you can’t get

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