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考研英语主观题40分攻略(12)
第一部分 英译汉 第四章 考研英译汉常用词及句型的翻译 第二节 常用句型的翻译(下) 五、其他一些结构及运用 1。动词不定式的几种特殊结构的译法 (1) to begin/start with首先; to make the matter worse更为糟糕的是; to come未来;to tell the truth说实话; to be sure当然;to be true说真的; to be honest/frank(with you)老实说/坦白地说 【例1】To begin with,I would like to touch on the most sensitive question people always try to avoid。 译文:首先,我想谈谈一个我们总是在设法回避的敏感问题。 【例2】In the years to come,our country will focus our efforts on the construction of the infrastructures。 译文:在未来的几年中,我们国家将集中精力进行基础设施的建设。 【例3】To be true,a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them。 译文:诚然,一个宏伟的重建项目也许能为需要工作的人提供就业机会。 (2)“…only to+动词”结构意为“……,结果却……”,表示与句子谓语动作的目的相反的结果。 【例】They hurried to the station only to find their train had gone five minutes before。 译文:他们匆匆赶到车站,结果却发现他们的火车已于五分钟前离开了。 2。“名词,+or+名词”结构中or后的名词是同位语,应译为“即……;或者称……例” 【例】Moreover,technology includes techniques,or ways to do things as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them。 译文:再者,除机器之外技术还包括技艺,即制作方法,而运用这些技艺并不一定都需要机器。 订阅收藏考研英语主观题40分攻略 3。lest引导虚拟条件句的翻译 lest引导虚拟条件句,相当于for fear that,意为“以免,唯恐,免得”等意思。 【例1】We lay awake at night worrying,lest the ewes should lie on their lambs。 译文:晚上我们躺在床上,彻夜难眠地担心,唯恐母羊压在小羊的身上。 【例2】I used notes lest faulty memory should lead me astray。 译文:我翻阅了所做的笔记,免得记错了而使我误入歧途。 【例3】He ran away lest he should be seen。 译文:他因为怕被别人看见而逃跑了。(他逃跑了,唯恐被别人看见。) 【例4】They hid themselves behind some bushes lest the enemy(should)find them。 译文:他们躲在树丛后,以防被敌人发现。 4。when,while引导状语从句不表示时间的译法 【例1】The fear of need,when the pantry is full,is the thirst that cannot be satisfied。 分析:when在该句中作让步连词,意为“即使,尽管”。 译文:即使是粮食满仓,但对贫穷的恐惧会使人们渴望积蓄,难以罢休。 【例2】How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me? 分析: when在该句中作连词用,表“原因”,但具有很强的让步意味。相当于since或 considering that。 译文:既然他们不想听我说,我怎么能帮助他们了解呢? 【例3】Therefore,while technical advances in food production and processing will perhaps be needed to ensure food availability,meeting food needs will depend much more on equalizing economic power among the various segments of populations within the developing countries themselves。 分析:while除用作时间连词外,还有“而,却,其实,反之”或“虽然,尽管”的意思。如:Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue。(简穿的是咖啡色衣服,而玛丽穿的是蓝色衣服。) 译文:因此,尽管也许需要粮食生产和加工方面的技术进步来确保粮食的来源,满足粮食需求更多的是取决于使发展中国家内部的人口各阶层具有同等的经济实力。 【例4】Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative。 译文:运动是绝对的,而静止是相对的。 【例5】For far too long the average level of productivity in this country had been lower than was to expected when the quality of the labor force was considered。 译文:长期以来,如果把劳动力素质考虑进去的话,该国的生产力一直低于所预期的平均水平。 【例6】The essence of intuition,in most peoples minds,is its unpredictability;certain people just seem to see straight to the heart of a problem,while the rest of us work hard toward a solution step by step。 译文:在大多数人的心目中,直觉的本质在于它的不可预见性;有些人似乎一下子就看到了问题的核心,而其他人则要艰难地一步步找到解决办法。 5。lt所在的几个句型的翻译 (1)It goes without saying that…毋庸置疑,自不待言 【例】It went without saying that those responsible for this monstrous crime would be brought to justice sooner or later。 译文:毋庸置疑,犯下如此滔天罪行的人迟早会受到正义的审判。 (2)It stands to reason that…合乎道理,按照常情,一看便知 【例】It stands to reason that he is aiming for the post of the general manager。 译文:明眼人一眼就可以看出,他一直在盯着总经理的位子。 (3)It occurs to somebody that…想起……,想到…… 【例】It suddenly occurred to me that I had forgotten to lock the door。 译文:我突然想起来我还没有锁门呢。 (4)as it it/was事实上,既然如此;as it were似乎,可以说是 【例1】As it is ,we can hardly get to the station by 6 oclock。 译文:事实上,我们六点钟是很难赶到车站的。 【例2】The book gives,as it were,a picture of the bright future。 译文:可以说,这本书就是描绘美好未来的一幅图景。 【例3】I thought that things would get better;but as it is ,they are getting worse。 译文:我以为情况会好转的,可事实上却更糟了。 【例4】As it was,she was a very vain girl。 译文:其实,她是一个虚荣心很强的女孩。 【例5】The film is,as it were,a true reflection of the Second World War。 译文:可以说,这部电影是第二次世界大战的真实写照。 【例6】He is my best friend,and my second half,as it were。 译文:他是我最好的朋友,打个比方说吧,是我的另一半。 (5)When it comes to something or doing something…当谈到……,当说到…… 【例】As an American,I constantly found myself tongue-tied when it came to seeing guests off at the door。 译文:作为美国人,每当要我送客出门时,我总是舌头打结。 (6)It is+形容词+名词+that…一般说来,这种句型有三个特点:①it is和that之间常常是一个受描述性 责任编辑:zhaotingting 相关新闻
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