为深远的结果之一是加速了大英帝国的瓦解。
　　(2) In 1952 Princess Elizabeth was crowned Queen Elizabeth II. Many people through
television saw the ceremony.
　　1952年伊莉莎白公主加冕成为伊莉莎白女王二世。新发明的电视使许多人看到了加冕仪式的过程。
　　(4) In January 1973, Britain became a full member of the European Economic Community
which was still called the Common Market in 1973. Britain witnessed the first oil shock
in 1973.
　　1973年1月，英国终于成为欧洲经济共同体的正式成员国。1973年仍称为共同市场。1973年英国经历了第
一次石油禁运。
　　(5) Mrs Thatcher
　　撒切尔主义
　　Thatcherism referred to the policies put forward by Margaret Thatcher, the first
woman prime minister in England in 1979. The main contents of her policies included the
return to private ownership of state-owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to
control inflation, the weakening of trade unions the strengthening of the role of market
forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order. To some extent her program was
successful and she led one of the most remarkable periods in the British economy.
　　1979年撒切尔夫人成为英国第一任女首相。她提出的政策被为“撒切尔主义”。其内容包括国有工业私有
化，采用货币主义政策以控制通货膨胀，削弱工会的影响，加强市场因素在经济中的作用，强调法律和秩序。
在一定程度上讲，她的计划是成功的。她领导英国经济度过了一段最繁华的时期之一。
　　
　　　　英语国家概况精讲系列（十五）
　　
　　Chapter 6 第六章
　　
　　The Economy 英国经济
　　
　　I. The Evolution of the British Economy since the War
　　
　　The evolution of the British economy since WWII falls into three periods:
　　二战后英国经济发展可分为三个阶段：
　　(1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s: The British economy in this period is
characterized by slow but steady growth, low unemployment and great material prosperity
with rising standards of consumption.
　　（1）战后50-60年代平稳发展时期。其主要特点是经济缓慢而持续增长，失业率低，物质丰富，人民消费
水平不断增长。
　　(2) Economic recession in the 70s: In the 1970s among the developed countries,
Britain maintained the lowest growth rate and the highest inflation rate, and the high
record of trade deficits.
　　（2）70年代经济滞胀。在70年代，英国在所有的发达资本主义国家中，始终保持最低经济增长率，最高
的通货膨胀率，和最高的贸易赤字纪录。
　　(3) Economic recovery in the 80s: An outstanding feature of the economic recovery in
the 80s was its length, lasting seven years. Another was the improved financial position
of the government, with stronger current account of the balance of payments.
　　（3）80年代经济复苏。一个显著特点是时间长，复苏持续了7年。另一个特点是国际收支大大盈余，政府
金融地位最高。
　　Measures taken by Mrs. Thatcher’’s government to improve the economy
　　Mrs. Thatcher’’s government took numerous measures to improve the efficiency of the
economy during the past decade, using both mac

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