新托福口语练习材料——关于人才外流(2)

II. Read 
   Read the following passages. Underline the important viewpoints while reading.
　　1. Give Students More Leeway
    The years ago, the Shanghai Public Security Bureau issued four passports each day. Now the staff must work long hours to process more than 1,000 a day.
    People’s Daily reports that more than 70,000 Chinese students and scholars are now studying abroad with still more ready to go.
    While many people are worried about the brain drain problem, the article said that whatever the motives of students who leave, there is no doubt that they cherish a deep feeling towards the motherland.
    It has been suggested that people who fail to return on time should be granted "temporary leave form their posts" to encourage them to return at any time. 
    Among those who joined the recent rush abroad, more than half went to further their studies and keep up the latest academic achievements. According to a survey conducted among some 7,000 scientific researchers in Shanghai, 82 per cent believed that their experiences abroad were "fruitful". Half said they had made headway in their work.
    Meanwhile, they said they continued to follow with great concern the development of their country’s economic reforms. A scholar with a doctorate fro New York University had written over 100,000 words of suggestions to the Chinese central government, the article reported.
    Loneliness was found to be the worst enemy of the students living away from their families and homeland.
    The brain drain from developing to developed countries is international phenomenon. In China, backward management and unreason able distribution systems, together with our living and working conditions, have led to the departure of many intellectuals.
    "After my graduation from university, I have spent four years in my office reading a newspaper with a cup of tea every day. I want to go abroad to start a new life," and a 25-year-old technical worker who was waiting fro a visa from the Japanese Consulate.
    Some students and scholars had stayed in foreign countries beyond their time limit for one reason or another. For this they had been labeled unpatriotic.
    But people’s Daily called for more trust and understanding of those students.
    A scholar studying and working at an American university said he would return to China as soon as his daughter finished secondary school in the US.
    A young scholar at a Shanghai research institute said he could not mange to conduct research with a meager State allocation of 2,000 yuan a year. In America, he can get $ 24, 000 a year for use in research, so he decided to stay on after getting his degree.
    In such cases, most work unites ba

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