“精”“快”方法掌握,攻破英语四六级阅读03
2. 总结文章中动词和名词(动宾)搭配、形容词和名词的搭配、副词和动词、形容词的搭配、各类介词搭配(动词和介词、形容词和介词、名词和介词、介词和名词)。
①动词和名词(动宾)搭配
动词作为英语中最活跃的词性,具有强大的组词功能,尤其是与名词的搭配千变万化,但又在很大程度上是约定俗成的。如果不加以注意,就容易犯错误。比如一位同学作文中的表达:People take more emphasis on the health,这里的take就应该用place或者put。曾经请同学翻译一句话:他的英语在这个学校最好。一般人都翻译成:His English is the best in this school. 其实如果平时掌握了地道的动宾搭配,翻译成:His English tops this school. 是不是更好呢?
例如:
Chinese President Hu Jintao and British Prime Minister Tony Blair reached vital consensus on Wednesday on promoting the existing comprehensive strategic partnership to a higher level.
从以上句子中我们就必须总结两个动宾搭配:
(1). reach consensus on … 在…方面达成共识;
(2). promote the existing comprehensive strategic partnership 促进现有的全面战略伙伴关系
② 形容词和名词的搭配
英语中形容词表达的涵义很广,同一个形容词可以修饰不同的名词,不同的形容词可以修饰同样的名词,学习中一定要注意积累。如有个同学的造句:The traffic in Nanjing is crowded. 这里crowded 就用错了,应该用heavy。另外,heavy 还可以修饰smoker / rain 等等。再如outstanding / superior / rare / top 都可以形容students, 指优秀的学生。不要想到好坏就想到good, bad,。比如不好的效果可以用ill effects , unfavorable effects 等等。
③ 副词和动词、形容词的搭配
副词的使用经常使你的句子非常简洁和地道,比如你听到小日本被炸了,你的反应是不是pleasantly shocked (愉快的震惊)呢?再如intensely / crucially important 都可以代替very important。如果你是李宇春的忠实粉丝,但如果是a hopelessly devoted fan 而耽误了学习就不好啦。
④ 各类介词搭配(动词和介词、形容词和介词、名词和介词、介词和名词)
有专家称,英语是介词的语言,从这一点就可以看出介词的重要性。多掌握各类介词固定搭配,可以使你的英语表达更地道。
3. 注意对文章中重要词汇进行一定的扩展。
我们可以从词汇的同义词、反义词,同根词、相关性等等角度进行扩展,让你的词汇形成一个网络,而不是孤立的个体。
4. 正确识别代词与抽象名词的指代
如果无法正确识别指代,读者就无法把句子和句子连接成具有连贯意义的整体,就无法把握作者的思路延展。
例1:2003年6月六级阅读理解第三篇
(32)Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. (This = the tremendous increase in the number of pupils.) In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of he legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment
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