)
I was interested by what you showed me.(被动)
The people present at the meeting were annoyed with the tedious speech.(系表)
The people who wanted to attend the meeting were surprised by the announcement of the adjournment without day.(被动)
四.从修饰词来区分
1.在英语表达中,过去分词具有形容词性质,因此可用程度副词"more,quite, rather,very"等修饰。凡是能用这类副词修饰的过去分词多为系表结构。例如:
Her look was quite amused.
After working the whole morning,we were very tired.
2.如果-ed分词的结构中由时间状语、地点状语、原因状语或方式状语来修饰整个句子,表示动作的持续性,反复性,这时这个句子就是被动语态。例如:
The dam is completed.(系表)
The dam had been completed within two months.(被动)
He was wounded.(系表)
He was wounded in the battle.(被动)
五.通过时态来区分
系表结构中的动词be为系动词,多用于一般现在时和一般过去时。偶尔在系表结构中也可见到一般将来时和现在完成时。而在被动语态结构中的动词be是助动词。除了很少用于完成进行时和将来完成时之外,可以用各种时态。
I shall be much obliged to you for an early reply.(系表)
The house is being built by the river.(被动)
另外从时态方面考虑,区分被动语态和系表结构时,可用"还原"的方法。看能否将be+过去分词形式还原为对应的主动语态。如果是被动语态,它的时态要与相应的主动结构一致。如果是系表结构,一般没有对应时态的主动结构。例如:
My window is broken.(这个句子是系表结构,此句没有对应时态的主动句。不能还原为Some one breaks the window.)
A lot of new cars have been made since the technical innovations have been adopted.
(此句是被动语态。可以将这个句子还原为We have made a lot of cars since we adopted the technical innovations.)
六.从动词be能否被替代来区分
被动语态一般由助动词be +ed分词构成。系表结构除了与be连用之外,还可以用其他动词替换。能被替换的词有:become, get,turn,sound,rest,lie,look,keep,remain, seem,appear等。例如:
You may rest assured that everything possible will be done.
&nb
责任编辑:joyyy


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