ing rapidly. The
reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the
rise, too.
Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees
awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those m the United
Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is
growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America's
best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in ihc U.K.
In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in
science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly
hired faculty members at the top research universities received
their graduate education abroad.
Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their
undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000
students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking
courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across
the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping
place students in summer internships （实习） abroad to prepare them for
global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every
undergraduate at least one international study or internship
opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it
possible.
Globalisation is also reshaping the way research is done. One new
trend souring portions of a research program to another country.
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